IndiStar In-2000

Introduction

IndiStar In-2000 is an acidic electrolyte used for depositing white and matte indium layers with good weldability.The melting point of pure indium is 156°C and is used for coating plug-in connectors and fisheye connectors. IndiStar In-2000 is mainly used for roll coating and can also be used for high-speed continuous coating, with strict control of metal content and pH value.

Technical Information and Equipment Requirements

Product and Operating Conditions

A. Product Names and Proportions

B. Configure a 100L bathtub

C. Sequence of Opening a 100L cylinder

All storage tanks and equipment to be used should be thoroughly cleaned before use. Alternatively, the storage tank and equipment should be leached for a minimum of 24 hours, and warm acidified water (20ml/L MSA 70) should be added before use.

● Inject 80L of deionized water
● Add 22kg of Indium Concentrate 120F
● Add 1.5L of IndiStar In-2000 and vigorously stir
● Add deionized water to the final volume and vigorously stir
● Check the pH value

Note: The pH value should be regularly checked and adjusted (depending on throughput). The pH value of the new configuration depends on the concentration of free acids in the indium concentrate. After a brief initial time, it rises on its own and should then remain at 2.0.
When the working temperature is reached, passivation is ready for use.However, the optimal current efficiency can only be achieved after a relatively short initial stage when the pH value reaches between 1.8 and 2.1.Before reaching this pH value, it is necessary to anticipate an increase in gas and lower current efficiency. The initial stage is based on our experience of 5 hours per liter.

D. Concentration and Operating Conditions

Reduce pH value: acid concentrate
The upper limit is used for high-speed deposition in coil electroplating plants. The optimal value also depends on the factory. The operating range depends on the indium content, current density, and flow parameters.

E. Consumption and Replenishment

The consumption is mainly due to resistance, which largely depends on the type and surface geometry of the components, as well as the operation of the factory. Due to the relatively high price of indium, all measures should be taken to reduce resistance losses. The optimal working temperature is 40°C, which means evaporation loss. This can be compensated for by rinsing water from subsequent rinsing stations.

Maintenance and Functionality of Independent Bathtub Components

A. Indium Concentrate 120F
Supplement indium by adding indium concentrate containing 120g/L. Analyze the content of indium. We are pleased to provide you with suitable analysis methods if needed.
B. Additive IndiStar In-2000
The additive IndiStar In-2000 contains all necessary components to deposit a fine crystalline indium layer.If there is a the lack of additives, the deposition can be uneven. This can be solved by increasing the increment by 5ml/L.
C. Operation Temperature
The recommended working temperature is between 20 to 50°C, and the optimal working temperature is 40°C.
D. pH Value
The pH value should be maintained between 1.8 to 2.0 (optimal is 2.0).A higher pH value can lead to the precipitation of indium as a hydroxide. A lower pH value can lead to a decrease in current efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended to regularly control, check, and adjust the pH value. When adjusting, acid concentrate should be used while continuously stirring
E. Anode
IndiStar In-2000 adopts a soluble anode operation.The cathodic current efficiency ranges from 50% to 90%, depending on the indium content, current density, pH value, operating temperature, and concentration of the additive IndiStar In-2000. The anode current density is 100%.
F. Activated Carbon Treatment
Once the current efficiency significantly decreases, activated carbon treatment should be carried out immediately. The treatment should be carried out with 2 - 4g/L activated carbon at working temperature for 45 minutes. The content of IndiStar In-2000 must be adjusted to the nominal value in increments of 5ml/L.

Troubleshooting

Disclaimer

All proposals or suggestions regarding our company's products in this manual are based on experiments and data that our company trusts. Due to the inability to control the actual operations of other practitioners, our company cannot guarantee or be responsible for any adverse consequences.